The past few decades have seen significant advancements in primary healthcare. These include the availability of vaccines and medicines, the development of medical procedures, and the reduction of disease. However, the challenges will likely continue due to urbanization, population growth, and antimicrobial resistance.
- An Interference In Combating Infectious Disease
Despite the various achievements that have been made in the fight against infectious diseases, progress against malaria and tuberculosis has stalled in recent years. From 2015 to 2019, the number of cases of both diseases increased.
In the coming years, infectious diseases will continue wreaking their effects on communities and individuals. New pandemics are also expected to emerge due to animal pathogens and the increasing risk of getting infected with them.
- Resistance To Antibiotic Treatment
Due to the overuse of antibiotics in humans and animals, the development of drug-resistant infections is expected to continue increasing globally. It could cause economic losses of up to $100 trillion by 2050. The rising cost of treating these infections could also affect productivity.
- Increase in Noncommunicable Diseases
Most deaths caused by non-communicable diseases are attributed to diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. According to experts, by 2040, these conditions could generate up to 80% of deaths in low-income countries. These deaths are expected to increase due to poor nutrition and pollution.
In many countries, the lack of resources and the capacity to respond to the increasing number of cases of non-communicable diseases are putting the lives of individuals at risk. The economic slowdown also affects the funding of public health systems.
- Increase in Mental Health
The number of people suffering from substance abuse and mental health disorders increased significantly during the past decade. The rise in life expectancy and the increasing number of adolescents with mental health issues also contributed to these conditions. Around 10% to 20% of adolescents and children globally suffer from these conditions, and suicide is the third most common cause of death among people aged 15 to 19.
Experts believe that the cost of treating mental health conditions could reach around $16 trillion over the next two decades. Most of this burden is caused by the loss of productivity and income due to premature death and chronic disability. According to preliminary research, the pandemic could cause people in different regions to experience higher rates of mental distress.